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You’re probably here because you’ve used vector databases before and wondering how Memvid is different. Here’s an honest comparison.
TL;DR: Memvid uses Smart Frames, a superset of vector databases. You get lexical search, semantic search, temporal queries, and entity extraction in one file. Embeddings are optional, not required. Start searching instantly, add semantic capabilities when you need them.

The 30-Second Comparison

PineconeChromaDBMemvid
Setup time7.4s (API provisioning)2 min145ms
Search latency267ms (network + embedding)~500ms24ms
Embeddings requiredYes, alwaysYes, alwaysNo
Works offlineNoYesYes
File countCloud-managedMultiple files1 file
InfrastructureManaged cloudSelf-hosted or cloudNone
Pricing$70/mo+Free / paid cloudFree
Search modesVector onlyVector onlySmart Frames (Lexical + Vector + Temporal + Entity)
Time-travel queriesNoNoYes
Entity extractionNoNoYes (built-in)
Search is 11x faster because Memvid doesn’t require network round-trips to embedding APIs or cloud vector databases. Your data, your machine, instant results.

Real-World Benchmark

We ran a head-to-head benchmark with 1,000 documents using native SDKs. Here’s what we measured:

Performance Results (1,000 Documents)

MetricMemvidPineconeLanceDBWinner
Setup145ms7.4s158msMemvid (51x)
Ingestion1.6m3.3m6.1sLanceDB
Search24ms267ms506msMemvid (11-21x)
Storage4.9 MBCloudCloudMemvid

Search Latency Breakdown

SystemAvg Searchvs Memvid
Memvid24ms-
Pinecone267ms11x slower
LanceDB506ms21x slower
Why is Memvid search so fast? No network calls. Vector databases require:
  1. Network round-trip to embedding API (to embed your query)
  2. Network round-trip to vector database (to search)
  3. Query embedding computation time
Memvid runs entirely on your machine using Smart Frames, pre-indexed with Tantivy full-text search, temporal indexes, and entity graphs. Your query goes straight to the index.

Why Ingestion Takes Longer (And Why That’s OK)

Memvid’s ingestion is slower than pure vector databases because it does more work:
  • Auto-tagging: Automatic topic detection for every document
  • Date extraction: Temporal entity recognition for timeline queries
  • Triplet extraction: Subject-Predicate-Object knowledge graph building
  • Full-text indexing: Tantivy BM25 for instant lexical search
  • Timeline indexing: Temporal index for time-travel queries
These features enable richer queries and memory extraction. Ingestion is a one-time cost. Search latency is what matters for production use.

Projected at Scale (10,000 Documents)

MetricMemvidPineconeLanceDB
Setup~145ms~7.4s~158ms
Ingestion~16m~33m~1m
Search~24ms~267ms~506ms
Search latency remains constant regardless of dataset size thanks to efficient indexing.

Search Accuracy Comparison

Memvid uses Smart Frames, not just keyword search. Each frame is enriched with auto-tagging, temporal indexing, entity extraction, and optional embeddings.
Query TypeMemvid (Smart Frames)Vector DBsWinner
Exact match "handleAuthentication"✅ 100% precision❌ Returns “login”, “auth”Memvid
Error codes "ERROR_CODE_404"✅ Exact match❌ Semantic confusionMemvid
Temporal "meetings last week"✅ Timeline index❌ No temporal awarenessMemvid
Entity state "Alice's current role"✅ Knowledge graph❌ No entity trackingMemvid
Names "John Smith contract"✅ Exact + entity extraction❌ Names get fuzzyMemvid
Semantic "reduce costs"✅ Hybrid mode✅ Finds “cut expenses”Tie
Conceptual "happy moments"✅ Hybrid mode✅ Finds “joyful”Tie
Smart Frames give you the best of all worlds:
# Exact lexical search (instant, no embeddings needed)
results = mem.find("handleAuthentication", k=5)

# Temporal queries (unique to Memvid)
results = mem.timeline("2024-01-01", "2024-01-31")

# Entity state (knowledge graph)
alice = mem.state("Alice")  # {employer: "Anthropic", role: "Engineer"}

# Semantic search (when you need it)
results = mem.find("cost reduction strategies", mode="vec")

# Hybrid search (best of both)
results = mem.find("budget optimization", mode="auto")
The reality: Vector databases only do one thing: semantic similarity. Memvid does lexical + semantic + temporal + entity extraction in a single file.
The takeaway: If you’re building something that needs fast, reliable search, and you’re tired of paying for API calls and managing cloud infrastructure, Memvid gets you there with a single file.

The Fundamental Difference

Traditional vector databases assume you need embeddings for everything: Problems with this approach:
  • Can’t search until embeddings are computed
  • API calls cost money and add latency
  • Embedding model updates break your index
  • “Error 404” doesn’t match “error 404” (semantic ≠ exact)
  • No temporal awareness: can’t query “last week’s meetings”
  • No entity tracking: can’t ask “what’s Alice’s current role?”
Memvid uses Smart Frames: Instant search + rich capabilities. Your data is searchable the moment you add it, with temporal queries, entity extraction, and optional semantic search.

Setup Comparison

Pinecone

# 1. Sign up at pinecone.io
# 2. Create a project
# 3. Get API key
# 4. Install SDK
pip install pinecone-client

# 5. Initialize
import pinecone
pinecone.init(api_key="your-api-key", environment="us-west1-gcp")

# 6. Create index (wait for provisioning...)
pinecone.create_index("my-index", dimension=1536, metric="cosine")

# 7. Wait for index to be ready
import time
while not pinecone.describe_index("my-index").status["ready"]:
    time.sleep(1)

# 8. Connect to index
index = pinecone.Index("my-index")

# 9. Now you need to embed your data before inserting...
Measured setup time: 7.4 seconds (plus embedding time for each document)

ChromaDB

# 1. Install
pip install chromadb

# 2. Initialize
import chromadb
client = chromadb.Client()

# 3. Create collection
collection = client.create_collection("my-collection")

# 4. Add documents (ChromaDB embeds automatically, but still takes time)
collection.add(
    documents=["doc1", "doc2", "doc3"],
    ids=["id1", "id2", "id3"]
)
# This step embeds all documents - can take minutes for large datasets
Time to first search: 2-5 minutes (embedding time)

Memvid

npm install -g memvid-cli
memvid create knowledge.mv2
echo "Your document content" | memvid put knowledge.mv2
memvid find knowledge.mv2 --query "document"
from memvid_sdk import create

mem = create('knowledge.mv2')
mem.put(title="Doc", label="docs", metadata={}, text="Your document content")
results = mem.find("document", k=5)
Measured setup time: 145ms. No API keys. No embedding wait. Search in milliseconds.

Search Quality Comparison

Smart Frames: Best of All Worlds

Memvid’s Smart Frames combine multiple search capabilities that vector databases can’t match:
CapabilityVector DBsMemvid Smart Frames
Exact match❌ Fuzzy by design✅ 100% precision
Semantic similarity✅ Core feature✅ Optional embeddings
Temporal queries❌ Not supported✅ Timeline index
Entity tracking❌ Not supported✅ Knowledge graph
Hybrid search❌ Pick one mode✅ Auto-selects best
Code search example:
# Finding a specific function (exact match)
memvid find codebase.mv2 --query "handleWebSocketConnection"
# → Returns exact matches instantly

# With vector search, you might get:
# - "processNetworkRequest" (semantically similar, wrong function)
# - "WebSocket" documentation (not the function)
# - "connectionHandler" (close but not exact)

Memvid Handles Semantic Too

When you need conceptual queries, add embeddings:
# Enable semantic search
memvid doctor knowledge.mv2 --rebuild-vec-index

# Semantic mode
memvid find knowledge.mv2 --query "cost reduction strategies" --mode vec

# Hybrid mode (auto-selects best approach)
memvid find knowledge.mv2 --query "budget optimization" --mode auto
QueryLexical ModeSemantic ModeHybrid Mode
"reduce costs"Exact phrase onlyFinds “cut expenses”✅ Best of both
"handleAuth"✅ Exact matchFuzzy results✅ Exact match
"happy moments"Literal onlyFinds “joyful”✅ Best of both

Infrastructure Comparison

Pinecone Architecture (Serverless, 2025)

Requires:
  • Internet connection
  • API key management
  • Vendor lock-in
  • Usage-based billing

ChromaDB Architecture

Requires:
  • Multiple files to manage
  • Server process running
  • Careful backup strategy

Memvid Architecture

That’s it. One file. Copy it, sync it, git commit it.
# Share your entire knowledge base
cp knowledge.mv2 /team/shared/

# Version control it
git add knowledge.mv2 && git commit -m "Updated docs"

# Backup
cp knowledge.mv2 knowledge.mv2.backup

Cost Comparison

Pinecone Pricing (as of 2025)

TierMonthly CostVectorsQueries
Free$0100KLimited
Standard$70+1M+Unlimited
EnterpriseCustomUnlimitedUnlimited
Plus: Embedding API costs ($0.0001+ per 1K tokens)

ChromaDB Pricing

DeploymentCost
Self-hostedFree (your infrastructure)
Chroma Cloud$30+/mo
Plus: Embedding API costs (unless using local models)

Memvid Pricing

TierCost
Open sourceFree forever
Memvid Cloud (sync)Free tier + paid plans
No embedding costs unless you choose to add them.

Real Cost Example: 1M Documents

PineconeChromaDBMemvid
Storage$70/mo$30/mo or self-host$0
Embedding (OpenAI)~$50 one-time~$50 one-time$0
Monthly API callsIncludedIncluded$0
Year 1 Total$890+$410+$0
Zero API calls means zero cost. In our benchmark with 1,000 documents, Pinecone and LanceDB made 1,005 API calls each (1,000 for document embeddings + 5 for query embeddings). Memvid made zero because it doesn’t need embeddings to search.

Feature Comparison

What Memvid Has That Vector DBs Don’t

Time-Travel Queries

Query your data as it existed at any point in time:
# What did we know last week?
results = mem.find("budget", as_of_frame=1000)

Entity Extraction

Built-in entity extraction and relationship graphs:
alice = mem.state("Alice")
# {employer: "Anthropic", role: "Engineer"}

Single-File Portability

Everything in one .mv2 file:
scp knowledge.mv2 user@server:/data/

Crash Recovery

Embedded WAL ensures zero data loss:
# Power failure? No problem.
memvid verify knowledge.mv2
# ✓ File integrity verified

What Vector DBs Have That Memvid Approaches Differently

FeatureVector DBsMemvid
Semantic searchCore feature✅ Hybrid mode (add when needed)
Distributed scalingBuilt-inSingle-file (use sharding for huge scale)
Managed hostingYes (Pinecone)Memvid Cloud (optional)
Real-time syncSomeComing soon
Smart Frames = superset of vector databases. Memvid does everything vector DBs do (semantic search), plus lexical search, temporal queries, and entity extraction, all in one file.

When to Use What

Use Pinecone When:

  • You need managed infrastructure
  • You’re building a semantic-search-first application
  • You have budget for cloud services
  • You need global distribution

Use ChromaDB When:

  • You want open source with optional cloud
  • You’re prototyping and need quick setup
  • You’re comfortable managing multiple files
  • Your use case is purely semantic search

Use Memvid When:

  • You need fast search: 24ms vs 267-506ms (11-21x faster than vector DBs)
  • You want to search immediately without embedding delays
  • You need exact matches (code, logs, error messages, names)
  • You want one portable file for your entire knowledge base (4.9 MB for 1,000 docs)
  • You’re building offline-first applications
  • You want time-travel queries (point-in-time retrieval)
  • You need entity extraction built-in (auto-tagging, date extraction, triplets)
  • You want to avoid vendor lock-in and API dependencies
  • You care about cost ($0 forever is hard to beat)

Migration Guide

From Pinecone to Memvid

import pinecone
from memvid_sdk import create

# Export from Pinecone
pinecone.init(api_key="...")
index = pinecone.Index("my-index")

# Create Memvid memory
mem = create("knowledge.mv2")

# Fetch and migrate (you'll need your original documents)
# Pinecone doesn't store original text, only vectors
# This is why Memvid stores everything in one place

From ChromaDB to Memvid

import chromadb
from memvid_sdk import create

# Export from ChromaDB
client = chromadb.Client()
collection = client.get_collection("my-collection")
results = collection.get(include=["documents", "metadatas"])

# Create Memvid memory
mem = create("knowledge.mv2")

# Migrate documents
for doc, meta in zip(results["documents"], results["metadatas"]):
    mem.put(
        title=meta.get("title", "Untitled"),
        label="migrated",
        metadata=meta,
        text=doc
    )

mem.seal()

Try It Yourself

The best comparison is your own experience:
# Install (10 seconds)
npm install -g memvid-cli

# Create and search (10 more seconds)
memvid create test.mv2
echo "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" | memvid put test.mv2
memvid find test.mv2 --query "quick fox"

# That's it. No API keys. No embedding wait. Just search.

Still Have Questions?